Horizon Europe, the EU's research and innovation funding program for 2021-2027, requires Open Science practices to be assessed when a project is submitted. It distinguishes between mandatory and recommended practices - which are in any case evaluated and must be declined at the project presentation stage.
Mandatory Open Science practices require immediate Open Access to peer-reviewed publications through the following methods:
Or
Or
In addition:
In 2018 cOAlition S, a group of national research funding organizations, was born. The aim of this initiative, which incorporates the principles pursued by the Plan S project and acts in accordance with the European Commission and the European Research Council (ERC), is to promote the opening of research publications.
In Italy, Law 112/2013 already establishes Open Access as mandatory for publications resulting from projects at least 50 per cent publicly funded.
In 2022, in the context of the Programma nazionale per la ricerca (PNR), the Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca (MUR) published the document Piano Nazionale per la Scienza Aperta (PNSA). One of the focal points of the document concerns Open Access to scientific publications.
Among its recommendations, there is the need for Open Access to articles and monographs to be included in all publicly funded calls. The path of transformative contracts is also recalled, and the Green Road is encouraged.
In addition, the Progetti di ricerca di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale (PRIN) programme is dedicated to funding public research projects.
The 2022 PRIN and the 2022 PRIN PNRR calls, reiterating what was stated in the previous call of 2017, indicate that Open Access to research results and the contents of peer-reviewed scientific publications within the project must be guaranteed by each unit manager.